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If - second conditional

  • Two events: both imagined

  • First event: imagine it has happened (past tense because you imagine it's happened)

  • Second event: what you would do if the first event happened (conditional tense because it follows the first but is not guaranteed to happen)

Second Conditional - Explain

An imagined event that has happened.

if second conditional
if second conditional

An imagined event in the future, in relation to event 1.

Uses a modal verb because it is not certain to happen. Event 1 is imagined.

Past

Now

Future

Past tense

Conditional tense

If              ,                .

              , if              .

If + subject + past tense verb phrase, modal verb + present tense verb phrase

Subject + modal verbpresent tense verb phrase if + past tense verb phrase

if second conditional
if second conditional
if second conditional

If I went here...

I would eat this.

if second conditional

Past

Now

Future

went to my favourite restaurant

would eat steak

If I went to my favourite restaurant, I would eat steak

I would eat steak if I went to my favourite restaurant

If I bought this...

if second conditional
if second conditional

I could wear these.

Past

Now

Future

bought this dress

could wear these shoes.

If I bought this dress, I could wear these shoes

I could wear these shoes if I bought this dress

A Different Explanation

Event 1 is a possible event. It could happen. If it happened, then event 2 would / could etc. happen. 

Second Conditional - Examples

Past

Now

Future

was taller

could wear different clothes.

If I was taller, I could wear different clothes

I could wear different clothes if I was taller

Past

Now

Future

studied harder

would have a better job

If I studied harder, I would have a better job

I would have a better job if I studied harder

Vocabulary - Verbs
Vocabulary - Nouns
Second Conditional - Practice

Past

Now

Future

washed the vegetables

could cook them

If I washed the vegetables, I could cook them

I could cook the vegetables if I washed them

If / dishes / I / should / wash / cooked / the / you

If I cooked, you should wash the dishes.

Answer

You should do the dishes if I cooked.

Answer - swapped

now / tonight / serve / If / beef / prepared / we / the / it / could

If we prepared the beef now, we could serve it tonight.

Answer

We could serve the beef tonight if we prepared it now.